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The J2EETrademarked 1.4 Tutorial is a guide to developing enterprise applications for the Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE) version 1.4. Here we cover all the things you need to know to make the best use of this tutorial.

Who Should Use This Tutorial

This tutorial is intended for programmers who are interested in developing and deploying J2EE 1.4 applications on the Sun Java System Application Server Platform Edition 8.

Prerequisites

Before proceeding with this tutorial you should have a good knowledge of the Java programming language. A good way to get to that point is to work through all the basic and some of the specialized trails in The JavaTrademarked Tutorial, Mary Campione et al., (Addison-Wesley, 2000). In particular, you should be familiar with relational database and security features described in the trails listed in Table 1.

Table 1 Prerequisite Trails in The JavaTrademarked Tutorial 
Trail
URL
JDBC
Security

How to Read This Tutorial

The J2EE 1.4 platform is quite large, and this tutorial reflects this. However, you don't have to digest everything in it at once.

This tutorial opens with three introductory chapters, which you should read before proceeding to any specific technology area. Chapter 1 covers the J2EE 1.4 platform architecture and APIs along with the Sun Java System Application Server Platform Edition 8. Chapters 2 and 3 cover XML basics and getting started with Web applications.

When you have digested the basics, you can delve into one or more of the four main technology areas listed next. Because there are dependencies between some of the chapters, Figure 1 contains a roadmap for navigating through the tutorial.

Roadmap to This Tutorial

Figure 1 Roadmap to This Tutorial

After you have become familiar with some of the technology areas, you are ready to tackle the case studies, which tie together several of the technologies discussed in the tutorial. The Coffee Break Application (Chapter 35) describes an application that uses the Web application and Web services APIs. The Duke's Bank Application (Chapter 36) describes an application that employs Web application technologies and enterprise beans.

Finally, the appendixes contain auxiliary information helpful to the J2EE application developer along with a brief summary of the J2EE Connector architecture:

About the Examples

This section tells you everything you need to know to install, build, and run the examples.

Required Software

Tutorial Bundle

The tutorial example source is contained in the tutorial bundle. If you are viewing this online, you need to download tutorial bundle from:

http://java.sun.com/j2ee/1.4/download.html#tutorial 

After you have installed the tutorial bundle, the example source code is in the <INSTALL>/j2eetutorial14/examples/ directory, with subdirectories for each of the technologies discussed in the tutorial.

Application Server

The Sun Java System Application Server Platform Edition 8 is targeted as the build and runtime environment for the tutorial examples. To build, deploy, and run the examples, you need a copy of the Application Server and the Java 2 Software Development Kit, Standard Edition (J2SE SDK) 1.4.2_04 or higher. If you already have a copy of the J2SE SDK, you can download the Application Server from:

http://java.sun.com/j2ee/1.4/download.html#sdk  

You can also download the J2EE 1.4 SDK--which contains the Application Server and the J2SE SDK--from the same site.

Application Server Installation Tips

In the Admin configuration pane of the Application Server installer,

In the Installation Options pane, check the Add Bin Directory to PATH checkbox so that Application Server scripts (asadmin, asant, deploytool, and wscompile) override other installations.

Registry Server

You need a registry server to run the examples discussed in Chapters 10 and 35. Directions for obtaining and setting up a registry server are provided in those chapters.

Building the Examples

Most of the tutorial examples are distributed with a configuration file for asant, a portable build tool contained in the Application Server. This tool is an extension of the Ant tool developed by the Apache Software Foundation (http://ant.apache.org). The asant utility contains additional tasks that invoke the Application Server administration utility asadmin. Directions for building the examples are provided in each chapter.

Build properties and targets common to all the examples are specified in the files <INSTALL>/j2eetutorial14/examples/common/build.properties and <INSTALL>/j2eetutorial14/examples/common/targets.xml. Build properties and targets common to a particular technology are specified in the files <INSTALL>/j2eetutorial14/examples/tech/common/build.properties and <INSTALL>/j2eetutorial14/examples/tech/common/targets.xml.

To run the asant scripts, you must set two common build properties as follows:


Note: On Windows, you must escape any backslashes in the j2ee.home property with another backslash or use forward slashes as a path separator. So, if your Application Server installation is C:\Sun\AppServer, you must set j2ee.home as follows:

j2ee.home = C:\\Sun\\AppServer

or

j2ee.home=C:/Sun/AppServer


Tutorial Example Directory Structure

To facilitate iterative development and keep application source separate from compiled files, the source code for the tutorial examples is stored in the following structure under each application directory:

The asant build files (build.xml) distributed with the examples contain targets to create a build subdirectory and to copy and compile files into that directory.

Further Information

This tutorial includes the basic information that you need to deploy applications on and administer the Application Server.

For reference information on the tools distributed with the Application Server, see the man pages at http://docs.sun.com/db/doc/817-6092.

See the Sun JavaTrademarked System Application Server Platform Edition 8 Developer's Guide at http://docs.sun.com/db/doc/817-6087 for information about developer features of the Application Server.

See the Sun JavaTrademarked System Application Server Platform Edition 8 Administration Guide at http://docs.sun.com/db/doc/817-6088 for information about administering the Application Server.

How to Print This Tutorial

To print this tutorial, follow these steps:

  1. Ensure that Adobe Acrobat Reader is installed on your system.
  2. Open the PDF version of this book.
  3. Click the printer icon in Adobe Acrobat Reader.

Typographical Conventions

Table 2 lists the typographical conventions used in this tutorial.

Table 2 Typographical Conventions
Font Style
Uses
italic
Emphasis, titles, first occurrence of terms
monospace
URLs, code examples, file names, path names, tool names, application names, programming language keywords, tag, interface, class, method, and field names, properties
italic monospace
Variables in code, file paths, and URLs
<italic monospace>
User-selected file path components

Menu selections indicated with the right-arrow character Right Arrow, for example, FirstRight ArrowSecond, should be interpreted as: select the First menu, then choose Second from the First submenu.

Acknowledgments

The J2EE tutorial team would like to thank the J2EE specification leads: Bill Shannon, Pierre Delisle, Mark Roth, Yutaka Yoshida, Farrukh Najmi, Phil Goodwin, Joseph Fialli, Kate Stout, and Ron Monzillo and the J2EE 1.4 SDK team members: Vivek Nagar, Tony Ng, Qingqing Ouyang, Ken Saks, Jean-Francois Arcand, Jan Luehe, Ryan Lubke, Kathy Walsh, Binod P G, Alejandro Murillo, and Manveen Kaur.

The chapters on custom tags and the Coffee Break and Duke's Bank applications use a template tag library that first appeared in Designing Enterprise Applications with the J2EETrademarked Platform, Second Edition, Inderjeet Singh et al., (Addison-Wesley, 2002).

The JavaServer Faces technology and JSP Documents chapters benefited greatly from the invaluable documentation reviews and example code contributions of these engineers: Ed Burns, Justyna Horwat, Roger Kitain, Jan Luehe, Craig McClanahan, Raj Premkumar, Mark Roth, and especially Jayashri Visvanathan.

The OrderApp example application described in the Container-Managed Persistence chapter was coded by Marina Vatkina with contributions from Markus Fuchs, Rochelle Raccah, and Deepa Singh. Ms. Vatkina's JDO/CMP team provided extensive feedback on the tutorial's discussion of CMP.

The security chapter writers are indebted to Raja Perumal, who was a key contributor both to the chapter and to the examples.

We are extremely grateful to the many internal and external reviewers who provided feedback on the tutorial. Their feedback helped improve the technical accuracy and presentation of the chapters and to eliminate bugs from the examples.

We would like to thank our manager, Alan Sommerer, for his support and steadying influence.

We also thank Duarte Design, Inc., and Zana Vartanian for developing the illustrations in record time. Thanks are also due to our copy editor, Betsy Hardinger, for helping this multi-author project achieve a common style.

Finally, we would like to express our profound appreciation to Ann Sellers, Elizabeth Ryan, and the production team at Addison-Wesley for graciously seeing our large, complicated manuscript to publication.

Feedback

To send comments, broken link reports, errors, suggestions, and questions about this tutorial to the tutorial team, please use the feedback form at http://java.sun.com/j2ee/1.4/docs/tutorial/information/sendusmail.html.

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All of the material in The J2EE(TM) 1.4 Tutorial is copyright-protected and may not be published in other works without express written permission from Sun Microsystems.